{
  
  "schema_version": "gig-migration-export-v2",
  "data_version": "2026-06-13",
  "generated_at": "2026-06-12",
  "html_url": "https://migrationfit.com/cities/de/bochum/",
  "md_url": "https://migrationfit.com/cities/de/bochum/index.md",
  "type": "City",
  "slug": "bochum",
  "country_code": "de",
  "entity_id": "de.bochum",
  "name": "Bochum",
  "country": "Germany",
  "city_tags": [],
  "updated": "2026-06-13",
  "confidence": 83,
  
  
  
  
  
  
  "source": "https://migrationfit.com/cities/de/bochum/",
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    {"metric_id":"climate_sunshine_hours_annual","domain":"environment","value":1650,"value_type":"number","unit":"hours/year","date":"2024-01-01","date_observed":"2024-01-01","last_checked":"2026-05-29T08:00:00Z","source_id":"dwd_climate","source_name":"DWD Deutscher Wetterdienst","source_url":"https://www.dwd.de/DE/klimaumwelt/klimaatlas/klimaatlas_node.html","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":null,"aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: DWD Deutscher Wetterdienst (2024-01-01), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"climate_temp_avg_annual_c","domain":"environment","value":10.4,"value_type":"number","unit":"degC","date":"2024-01-01","date_observed":"2024-01-01","last_checked":"2026-05-29T08:00:00Z","source_id":"dwd_climate","source_name":"DWD Deutscher Wetterdienst","source_url":"https://www.dwd.de/DE/klimaumwelt/klimaatlas/klimaatlas_node.html","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":null,"aggregation":"none","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: DWD Deutscher Wetterdienst (2024-01-01), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"internet_fixed_avg_speed_mbps","domain":"connectivity","value":96.4,"value_type":"number","unit":"Mbit/s","date":"2024-01-01","date_observed":"2024-01-01","last_checked":"2026-05-29T08:00:00Z","source_id":"ookla_speedtest","source_name":"Ookla Speedtest Global Index","source_url":"https://www.speedtest.net/global-index","source_type":"aggregator","source_grade":"B","source_official":false,"confidence":"B","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":null,"aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Ookla Speedtest Global Index (2024-01-01), confidence B, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"rent_avg_nettokalt_eur_per_m2_month","domain":"housing","value":9.69,"value_type":"number","unit":"EUR/m2/month","date":"2026-05-01","date_observed":"2026-05-01","last_checked":"2026-06-04","source_id":"rent_wohnungsboerse_mietspiegel_bochum_https_www_wohnungsboerse_net_mietspiegel_bochum_5178_bochum_rent","source_name":"wohnungsboerse Mietspiegel Bochum","source_url":"https://www.wohnungsboerse.net/mietspiegel-Bochum/5178","source_type":"commercial","source_grade":"C","source_official":false,"confidence":82,"freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"city","data_level_label":null,"aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: wohnungsboerse Mietspiegel Bochum (2026-05-01), confidence 82, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"average_monthly_gross_earnings_eur","domain":"work","value":4490,"value_type":"currency","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2023-12-31","date_observed":"2023-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"vgrdl_bruttolohn_je_arbeitnehmer_2023","source_name":"VGRdL — Bruttolöhne und -gehälter je Arbeitnehmer, Reihe 2 Band 2 (Statistikportal)","source_url":"https://www.statistikportal.de/de/vgrdl/ergebnisse-kreisebene/einkommen-kreise","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (VGRdL 2023)","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: VGRdL — Bruttolöhne und -gehälter je Arbeitnehmer, Reihe 2 Band 2 (Statistikportal) (2023-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"physicians_per_100k","domain":"health","value":450,"value_type":"number","unit":"per 100k","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"zi_aerztestatistik_land_2024","source_name":"Zi Versorgungsatlas / BÄK Ärztestatistik — Berufstätige Ärztinnen und Ärzte je 100 000 Einwohner","source_url":"https://www.versorgungsatlas.de/","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (Zi Versorgungsatlas 2024)","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Zi Versorgungsatlas / BÄK Ärztestatistik — Berufstätige Ärztinnen und Ärzte je 100 000 Einwohner (2024-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"crime_frequency_per_100k","domain":"safety","value":6100,"value_type":"number","unit":"HZ (incidents/100k)","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"bka_pks_land_2024","source_name":"BKA — Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik (PKS) Tabellenband 2024, Tabelle 01 (Land)","source_url":"https://www.bka.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/Publikationen/PolizeilicheKriminalstatistik/2024/Land/tab01-land-faelle-hz-bund-laender.xlsx?__blob=publicationFile","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (BKA PKS 2024, HZ)","aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: BKA — Polizeiliche Kriminalstatistik (PKS) Tabellenband 2024, Tabelle 01 (Land) (2024-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"temp_mean_annual_c","domain":"environment","value":9.8,"value_type":"number","unit":"degC","date":"2020-12-31","date_observed":"2020-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"dwd_climate_normal_1991_2020","source_name":"DWD Climate Data Center — Klimanormal 1991-2020, Jahresmittel Lufttemperatur 2m (1×1 km Raster)","source_url":"https://opendata.dwd.de/climate_environment/CDC/grids_germany/multi_annual/","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (DWD Climate Normal 1991-2020, 1×1 km Raster)","aggregation":"none","comparable":true,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: DWD Climate Data Center — Klimanormal 1991-2020, Jahresmittel Lufttemperatur 2m (1×1 km Raster) (2020-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"job_vacancies_per_1000_workforce","domain":"work","value":19,"value_type":"number","unit":"per 1000","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"ba_vacancies","source_name":"Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Gemeldete Arbeitsstellen (GENESIS 13211-0002)","source_url":"https://statistik.arbeitsagentur.de/DE/Navigation/Statistiken/Arbeitslose-und-gemeldete-Stellen/Gemeldete-Stellen/Gemeldete-Stellen-Nav.html","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (BA, GENESIS 13211-0001)","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Gemeldete Arbeitsstellen (GENESIS 13211-0002) (2024-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"median_age_years","domain":"demographics","value":44,"value_type":"number","unit":"years","date":"2022-05-15","date_observed":"2022-05-15","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"destatis_zensus_2022_demographics","source_name":"Destatis Zensus 2022 — Demographie (Durchschnittsalter, Migrationshintergrund)","source_url":"https://ergebnisse.zensus2022.de/datenbank/online/","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (Zensus 2022)","aggregation":"none","comparable":true,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Destatis Zensus 2022 — Demographie (Durchschnittsalter, Migrationshintergrund) (2022-05-15), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"migration_background_share_percent","domain":"demographics","value":30.2,"value_type":"percentage","unit":"percent","date":"2022-05-15","date_observed":"2022-05-15","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"destatis_zensus_2022_demographics","source_name":"Destatis Zensus 2022 — Demographie (Durchschnittsalter, Migrationshintergrund)","source_url":"https://ergebnisse.zensus2022.de/datenbank/online/","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (Zensus 2022)","aggregation":"none","comparable":true,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Destatis Zensus 2022 — Demographie (Durchschnittsalter, Migrationshintergrund) (2022-05-15), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"nearest_airport_destinations_count","domain":"connectivity","value":28,"value_type":"number","unit":"count","date":"2026-06-13","date_observed":"2026-06-13","last_checked":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","source_id":"openflights_routes_dat","source_name":"OpenFlights — routes.dat","source_url":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jpatokal/openflights/master/data/routes.dat","source_type":"open_data","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"city","data_level_label":"Direct destinations from DTM","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: OpenFlights — routes.dat (2026-06-13), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"nearest_airport_iata","domain":"connectivity","value":"DTM","value_type":"string","unit":"code","date":"2026-06-13","date_observed":"2026-06-13","last_checked":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","source_id":"ourairports_airports_csv","source_name":"OurAirports — airports.csv","source_url":"https://davidmegginson.github.io/ourairports-data/airports.csv","source_type":"open_data","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"city","data_level_label":"City centroid to nearest scheduled-service airport","aggregation":"none","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: OurAirports — airports.csv (2026-06-13), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"nearest_airport_km","domain":"connectivity","value":27.4,"value_type":"number","unit":"km","date":"2026-06-13","date_observed":"2026-06-13","last_checked":"2026-06-13T00:00:00Z","source_id":"ourairports_airports_csv","source_name":"OurAirports — airports.csv","source_url":"https://davidmegginson.github.io/ourairports-data/airports.csv","source_type":"open_data","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"city","data_level_label":"Great-circle distance; driving time not implied","aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: OurAirports — airports.csv (2026-06-13), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"car_density_per_1000","domain":"mobility","value":554,"value_type":"number","unit":"cars/1000 residents","date":"2026-01-01","date_observed":"2026-01-01","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"kba_fz3_2026","source_name":"Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt — FZ 3 vehicle stock by municipality","source_url":"https://www.kba.de/DE/Statistik/Produktkatalog/produkte/Fahrzeuge/fz3_b_uebersicht.html","source_type":"official_statistics","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"city","data_level_label":"City (Gemeinde)","aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt — FZ 3 vehicle stock by municipality (2026-01-01), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"population_projection_2040_change_percent","domain":"overview","value":-1.5,"value_type":"percentage","unit":"percent","date":"2023-12-31","date_observed":"2023-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"destatis_projection_15_2040","source_name":"Destatis — 15. koordinierte Bevölkerungsvorausberechnung (Variante G2-L2-W2, 2040 vs 2023)","source_url":"https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Bevoelkerung/Demografischer-Wandel/_inhalt.html","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land","aggregation":"none","comparable":true,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Destatis — 15. koordinierte Bevölkerungsvorausberechnung (Variante G2-L2-W2, 2040 vs 2023) (2023-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"purchasing_power_index","domain":"income","value":104,"value_type":"number","unit":"index","date":"2023-12-31","date_observed":"2023-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"destatis_vgrdl_purchasing_power_2023","source_name":"VGRdL — Kaufkraft je Einwohner (verfügbares Einkommen + öffentliche Transferleistungen)","source_url":"https://www.statistikportal.de/de/vgrdl/ergebnisse-kreisebene/einkommen-kreise","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (VGRdL 2023)","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: VGRdL — Kaufkraft je Einwohner (verfügbares Einkommen + öffentliche Transferleistungen) (2023-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"area_km2","domain":"overview","value":34112.44,"value_type":"number","unit":"km2","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"destatis_area","source_name":"Destatis — Bodenfläche (GENESIS 11111-0001)","source_url":"https://www-genesis.destatis.de/datenbank/online/operation/tables/11111-0001","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land","aggregation":"none","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Destatis — Bodenfläche (GENESIS 11111-0001) (2024-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"unemployment_total_percent","domain":"work","value":7.5,"value_type":"percentage","unit":"percent","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","source_id":"ba_unemployment","source_name":"Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Arbeitslose und Arbeitslosenquoten (GENESIS 13211-0001)","source_url":"https://www-genesis.destatis.de/datenbank/online/operation/tables/13211-0001","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"region","data_level_label":"Land (DE-NW)","aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":true,"selectionable":true,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Bundesagentur für Arbeit — Arbeitslose und Arbeitslosenquoten (GENESIS 13211-0001) (2024-12-31), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"groceries_monthly_eur","domain":"cost","value":338,"value_type":"currency","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-12T10:00:00Z","source_id":"eurostat_prc_ppp_ind","source_name":"Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx)","source_url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_ppp_ind/default/table","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"B","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":"Country average (Eurostat prc_ppp_ind groceries & household services PLI, EU27=100 baseline converted to EUR via HICP)","aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx) (2024-12-31), confidence B, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"net_income_couple_eur_month","domain":"cost","value":3262,"value_type":"currency","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2023-12-31","date_observed":"2026-01-01","last_checked":"2026-06-12T10:00:00Z","source_id":"de_bmf_lohnsteuer","source_name":"BMF — Lohnsteuer-Rechner, Programmablaufplan 2026 and Lohnsteuertabellen (Steuerklassen I-VI, 16 Bundesländer)","source_url":"https://www.bmf-steuerrechner.de/lohnsteuer-rechner/","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":"Country average (married one earner, 100% average wage; DE primary from BMF Lohnsteuer Steuerklasse III, other countries from OECD Taxing Wages)","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: BMF — Lohnsteuer-Rechner, Programmablaufplan 2026 and Lohnsteuertabellen (Steuerklassen I-VI, 16 Bundesländer) (2026-01-01), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"net_income_eur_month","domain":"cost","value":2746,"value_type":"currency","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2023-12-31","date_observed":"2026-01-01","last_checked":"2026-06-12T10:00:00Z","source_id":"de_bmf_lohnsteuer","source_name":"BMF — Lohnsteuer-Rechner, Programmablaufplan 2026 and Lohnsteuertabellen (Steuerklassen I-VI, 16 Bundesländer)","source_url":"https://www.bmf-steuerrechner.de/lohnsteuer-rechner/","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":"Country average (single, 100% average wage; DE primary from BMF Lohnsteuer, other countries from OECD Taxing Wages)","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: BMF — Lohnsteuer-Rechner, Programmablaufplan 2026 and Lohnsteuertabellen (Steuerklassen I-VI, 16 Bundesländer) (2026-01-01), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"net_income_family_eur_month","domain":"cost","value":3777,"value_type":"currency","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2023-12-31","date_observed":"2026-01-01","last_checked":"2026-06-12T10:00:00Z","source_id":"de_bmf_lohnsteuer","source_name":"BMF — Lohnsteuer-Rechner, Programmablaufplan 2026 and Lohnsteuertabellen (Steuerklassen I-VI, 16 Bundesländer)","source_url":"https://www.bmf-steuerrechner.de/lohnsteuer-rechner/","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":"Country average (married one earner with two children, 100% average wage; DE primary from BMF Lohnsteuer Steuerklasse III with Kindergeld considered, other countries from OECD Taxing Wages)","aggregation":"higher_is_better","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: BMF — Lohnsteuer-Rechner, Programmablaufplan 2026 and Lohnsteuertabellen (Steuerklassen I-VI, 16 Bundesländer) (2026-01-01), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"},
    
    {"metric_id":"utilities_monthly_eur","domain":"cost","value":134,"value_type":"currency","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-12T10:00:00Z","source_id":"eurostat_nrg_pc_energy","source_name":"Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas)","source_url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_pc_204/default/table","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"B","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":"Country average (Eurostat nrg_pc_204 electricity band 1D + nrg_pc_202 gas band D2, weighted by national consumption mix and heating-degree-day share)","aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.bochum","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Eurostat — Household energy prices (nrg_pc_204 electricity, nrg_pc_202 gas) (2024-12-31), confidence B, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"bochum","entity_id_type":"city_slug"}
    
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    {"metric_id":"kindergeld_per_child_monthly_eur","domain":"income","value":259,"value_type":"number","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2026-01-01","date_observed":"2026-01-01","last_checked":"2026-05-28T14:30:00Z","source_id":"familienportal_kindergeld_2026","source_name":"Federal Family Portal — child benefit (Kindergeld)","source_url":"https://familienportal.de/familienportal/familienleistungen/kindergeld/faq","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"A","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":null,"aggregation":"none","comparable":true,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.germany","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Federal Family Portal — child benefit (Kindergeld) (2026-01-01), confidence A, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"germany","entity_id_type":"country_key"},
    
    {"metric_id":"groceries_monthly_eur","domain":"cost","value":338,"value_type":"currency","unit":"EUR/month","date":"2024-12-31","date_observed":"2024-12-31","last_checked":"2026-06-12T10:00:00Z","source_id":"eurostat_prc_ppp_ind","source_name":"Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx)","source_url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/prc_ppp_ind/default/table","source_type":"official","source_grade":"A","source_official":true,"confidence":"B","freshness_state":"fresh","fallback_level":"country_level_estimate","data_level_label":"Country average (Eurostat prc_ppp_ind groceries & household services PLI, EU27=100 baseline converted to EUR via HICP)","aggregation":"lower_is_better","comparable":false,"selectionable":false,"trend":null,"stable_entity_id":"de.germany","methodology_id":null,"citation_text":"Source: Eurostat — Comparative price levels and HICP (prc_ppp_ind, prc_hicp_midx) (2024-12-31), confidence B, via MigrationFit.","entity_id":"germany","entity_id_type":"country_key"},
    
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  "links": {
    "page": "/cities/de/bochum/",
    "legacy_page": "/cities/bochum/",
    "page_url": "https://migrationfit.com/cities/de/bochum/",
    "md_url": "https://migrationfit.com/cities/de/bochum/index.md",
    "data_url": "https://migrationfit.com/data/cities/de/bochum.json",
    "legacy_data_url": "https://migrationfit.com/data/cities/bochum.json",
    
    "official_handoff_notes": ["After arrival, Bochum asks newcomers to register with the Auslaenderbehoerde within two weeks.","The Welcome Office Bochum offers free guidance before and after arrival for international workers.","The city Geoportal and city map help with services, addresses and local orientation."],
    
    "official_handoff": [
      
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        "name": "Stadt Bochum",
        "url": "https://www.bochum.de/",
        "checked": "2026-05-31"
      },
      
      {
        "label": "Statistics portal",
        "name": "BoStatIS Bochum",
        "url": "https://bostatis.bochum.de/",
        "checked": "2026-05-31"
      },
      
      {
        "label": "Immigration office",
        "name": "Auslaenderbuero Bochum",
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        "checked": "2026-05-31"
      },
      
      {
        "label": "Newcomer service",
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        "checked": "2026-05-31"
      },
      
      {
        "label": "Public transport",
        "name": "Bochum public transport",
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        "checked": "2026-05-31"
      },
      
      {
        "label": "Transport tickets",
        "name": "BOGESTRA tickets",
        "url": "https://www.bogestra.de/tickets",
        "checked": "2026-05-31"
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    ]
    
  }
}
